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08/12/2021

AI-PROFICIENT: Objectives & expected results

As mentioned in previous posts, AI-PROFICIENT will develop a technical and business ecosystem to demonstrate the potential for improved performance in production plants, by bringing the advanced AI technologies to production lines and facilitating the cooperation between humans and machines.

To this aim, our project proposes an evolution from hierarchical and reactive decision making for plant automation towards self-learning and proactive control strategies that take full advantage of integration of advanced AI technologies with production plants.

Which are AI-PROFICIENT’s objectives?

Goal #1: Integrating existing and emerging AI technologies to create the AI-PROFICIENT platform for digitalized production plants, in order to enable agile production processes and improved operation planning and execution, while increasing the Overall Production Efficiency (OPE).

Goal #2: Piloting the AI-PROFICIENT solution in 3 production plants which operate in different manufacturing domains, under different use case scenarios, involving the AI-enabled predictive fault detection and diagnostics, and proactive maintenance.

Goal #3: Identifying the effective means for human-machine collaboration, while respecting the privacy, safety and security requirements and following the ethical principles, to enable both the AI decision-making explainability and transparency, as well as the reinforcement mechanisms based on the human knowledge and feedback to improve the trustworthiness of AI in manufacturing domain.

Which are AI-PROFICIENT’s expected results?

The AI-PROFICIENT enabling technologies and concepts of AI-PROFICIENT solution are the following:

  • Smart components for embedded AI at system edge
  • IIoT for smart component integration and interoperability
  • AI prognostics for system degradation and health state assessment
  • AI enabled decision-making for quality assurance
  • Semantic lifting and model agnostic techniques for XAI
  • Hybrid digital twins and process modelling
  • Generative optimization of production processes (human in the loop)
  • Role-specific visualization for transparent AI decision support
  • ‘Ethics by Design’ Approach

We must point out that in order to demonstrate the effectiveness and flexibility of the overall concept, the AI-PROFICIENT solution will be fully integrated, deployed and validated in three different operation environments provided by two manufacturing enterprises, CONTINENTAL and INEOS.

Last but not least, in collaboration with their plant operators, AI-PROFICIENT will ensure the end-user engagement throughout the project lifetime, considering requirements specification, deployment and validation, as well as development of recommendations for ethical principles for trustworthy AI in manufacturing domain.

20/11/2021

AI-MAN Workshop: Ethical and Legal Issues of Artificial Intelligence In Manufacturing, 25 November 2021
18/02/2022

Introducing an AI based framework for Maintenance Decision-Making (MDM) and Optimization

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      How does Machine Learning relate to AI?

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      Machine Learning is a subset of AI
      Machine learning is a subset of AI. The idea is that machines will “learn” and improve at tasks over time rather than having humans continually input parameters. Machine learning is a practical application of AI.
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      What is Neural Networks?

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      Is a method in artificial intelligence that teaches computers to process data in a way that is inspired by the human brain​
      Neural networks are a class of machine learning algorithms. The neuron part of the neural is the computational component, and the network part is how the neurons are connected. Neural networks pass data among themselves, gathering more and more meaning as the data moves along. Because the networks are interconnected, more complex data can be processed more efficiently.​
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      What is Artificial intelligence?​

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      Making a Machine intelligent​
      Artificial intelligence (AI) is intelligence—perceiving, synthesizing, and inferring information—demonstrated by machines, as opposed to intelligence displayed by non-human animals and humans​
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      The characteristics of the computer system capable of thinking, reasoning and learning is known as

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      artificial intelligence​
      Artificial intelligence (AI) is the ability of a digital computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings. The term is frequently applied to the project of developing systems endowed with the intellectual processes characteristic of humans, such as the ability to reason, discover meaning, generalize, or learn from past experience.​
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      The first AI programming language was called:​

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      IPL
      Information Processing Language (IPL) is a programming language created by Allen Newell, Cliff Shaw, and Herbert A. Simon at RAND Corporation and the Carnegie Institute of Technology about 1956. This is the first AI programming Language known.​
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      An AI technique that allows computers to understand associations and relationships between objects and events is called:​

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      pattern matching​
      Pattern matching is a technique used in AI which allows a computer program to identify a specific pattern that is present in a given data set and take appropriate actions based on the results of the analysis.​
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      Artificial Intelligence has its expansion in the following application.

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      All of the above​
      From manufacturing to marketing, businesses across multiple industries are leveraging artificial intelligence to optimize their processes and services.
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      Who is the father of artificial intelligence?​

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      John McCarthy​
      John McCarthy (September 4, 1927 – October 24, 2011) was an American computer scientist and cognitive scientist. He was one of the founders of the discipline of artificial intelligence.​
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      When did the term "artificial intelligence" first appear?​

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      In 1956​
      In 1956, at a conference at Dartmouth College, in Hanover, New Hampshire, the term "artificial intelligence" was coined​
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      Which is not the commonly used programming language for AI?​

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      Perl​
      Perl is not the commonly used programming language for AI. ​
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      Great, now that you understand the basics of Artificial Intelligence, we suggest that you glance at our project documents highlighting the improvements that AI services introduced in the manufacturing industry.
      Within the AI-PROFICIENT project, we piloted seven different use cases run across different manufacturing sites of INEOS and Continental. Our solutions aim at improving manufacturing efficiency while keeping humans in control.
      The following questions are based on the outcomes of AI-PROFICIENT use cases and should give you an idea of the practical advantages of AI for manufacturing. Click next to get started.
      Answer
      Great, now that you understand the basics of Artificial Intelligence, we suggest that you glance at our project documents highlighting the improvements that AI services introduced in the manufacturing industry.
      Within the AI-PROFICIENT project, we piloted seven different use cases run across different manufacturing sites of INEOS and Continental. Our solutions aim at improving manufacturing efficiency while keeping humans in control.
      The following questions are based on the outcomes of AI-PROFICIENT use cases and should give you an idea of the practical advantages of AI for manufacturing. Click next to get started.
      General
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      By how much percent AI implementation decreases raw material waste in tyres production?​

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      8%
      Combining Explainable AI algorithms with the global optimisation algorithms in the rubber extrusion allows continuous suggestion of the operator's optimal machinery parameters. This reduces the time when the rubber extrusion process is set and thus reduces the time when the suboptimal rubber outcome that cannot be used in further tire production.
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      Which of the following is a polymer extrusion process:​

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      A chemico-mechanical process​
      Chemically, the process involves the melting and flow of a polymer material under heat, which can result in chemical reactions such as degradation or cross-linking of the polymer chains. The chemical properties of the polymer material and the extrusion conditions, such as temperature, pressure, and residence time, can affect the final properties of the extruded product.​

      Mechanically, the process involves the deformation of the molten polymer material under pressure as it is forced through a die orifice to form a continuous shape. The mechanical properties of the polymer material, such as its elasticity, viscosity, and melt strength, determine its ability to withstand the stresses and strains imposed during the extrusion process.​
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      Which are the key elements of an optimization problem:​

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      The objective function, the decision variables and the constraints​
      The objective function defines the goal of the optimization problem, whether it is to maximize or minimize a certain value. The decision variables are the variables that can be adjusted or controlled to achieve the optimal solution to the objective function. The constraints are the limitations or restrictions that must be satisfied during the optimization process.​

      The other two options mentioned in the question are not related to the key elements of an optimization problem. Hyperparameters, validation schemes, and accuracy metrics are more related to machine learning or data science problems. The differential hypothesis is not a common term used in optimization problems. ​
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      When the blade of the cutting system starts to wear out but it can keep cutting:​

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      It might work well but chances are eventually it will compromise the quality of the final product.​
      As the blade of the cutting system starts to wear out, it will gradually lose its sharpness and efficiency, which can affect the quality of the cut and increase the cutting forces. If the blade is allowed to continue cutting even after it has worn out, it can lead to several negative consequences.
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      According to the literature, which are the three main sources of variation when trying to model a cutting process in an industrial setup:​

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      Workpiece factor, feed factors and saw blade factors​
      In a well-controlled manufacturing environment, the cutting process should be designed to be robust and less sensitive to operator variation. Regarding to the environmental factors, they are less significant compared to other sources of variation.
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      Developing the AI service which will improve tread alignment in part of the Combiline depends upon marking pictures of the tread pieces, which will then be used to train the AI. How should the developers and industrial partner approach this picture marking task for AI training?​

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      The developers should clearly specify how many pictures need to be taken, how long the process will take, and discuss with the industrial partner who will do it.​
      An ethical approach to this task involves clearly specifying how many pictures, and how much added work time it involves. On that basis the developer can discuss with the industrial partner who should do the task, e.g. whether the developers themselves are better placed to do it, or whether the industrial partner’s operators should do it. If the latter, it should be made clear to the operators whether they can refuse to do it, or it is an obligation which makes up part of their work. ​
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      What is explainable AI and how it can help in manufacturing?​

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      XAI stands for "explainable artificial intelligence" and it can help in manufacturing by improving process control, enabling predictive maintenance, enhancing quality control, and improving safety.​
      XAI stands for explainable artificial intelligence and provides insights into decision-making processes, identifies patterns and anomalies in equipment data, and detects defects in real-time. This allows manufacturers to make better decisions, reduce downtime and maintenance costs, and address problems quickly.​
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      How should the developers engage the operators when developing the AI service and related apps and HMIs, with the goal of simplifying the job of confirming correct chemical product bag placement before production? ​

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      The developers should work closely with the operators to design the services, choose the HMIs and adapt the apps, according to the actual work context. ​
      To implement an ethical by design user centered approach, the developers should work closely with the operators who will actually use the service. They should take care to understand the specific work conditions (dust, noise, time for tasks, etc.), discuss the planned solutions with the operator users, design initial mockups and discuss these with the operator users regularly in an iterative process as they develop the service. ​